I have received from you a file encrypted in "Microsoft Word" format: Content-Type: application/msword I would like to read what you say; but, your chosen format makes this difficult, expensive, and possibly illegal (unless I buy a license). Proprietary Format ------------------ The "Microsoft Word" document format is not like published public document formats such as Plain Text, web pages (HTML), Adobe PDF (Portable Document Format), Open Document XML, or even Microsoft RTF (Rich Text Format). MSWord is a proprietary unpublished trade secret owned and exclusively controlled by Microsoft USA. The format is not public; nothing other than software licensed by Microsoft USA knows exactly how it works. Software licensed from Microsoft USA is the *only* software that can properly decode the secret Word format; though, other companies try with varying degrees of incompatible success. MSWord is not appropriate for a public document exchange format: http://goldmark.org/netrants/no-word/ In contrast, anyone can use and decode any of the published, public standards for free. (See "Public Standard Document Formats" below.) Expensive to Decode ------------------- When you send a file encoded in this secret and proprietary way, you require me (and all your readers) to have purchased the appropriate license from Microsoft USA to read it correctly. Only Microsoft-licensed software can do this accurately, and the licenses will cost us several hundred dollars *each*. Your document is too expensive to read! I have chosen not to buy Microsoft USA licenses to read your document. Reverse-engineering the secret format ------------------------------------- There are some non-Microsoft programs that try to decode the secret Microsoft proprietary document format by guessing at what the format is. My free Linux system has programs like this, so I can often read parts of some MS Word documents; though, the fonts are often wrong and the spacing and pagination can be a disaster. People sometimes ask what is wrong with circulating documents in the expensive "MS Word" format, since some free software can now read it. The article below includes this explanation: "Several years ago, Microsoft abandoned its documented format for saving documents, and switched to a new format which was secret. However, the developers of free software word processors such as AbiWord and OpenOffice.org experimented assiduously for years to figure out the format, and now those programs can read most Word files. But Microsoft isn't licked yet. The next version of Microsoft Word will use formats that involve a technique that Microsoft claims to a patent on. Full story: http://software.newsforge.com/article.pl?sid=05/06/29/1418213&from=rss Trying to reverse-engineer secret formats is a waste of resources, and the result is often unusable. Illegal to Decode ----------------- Non-Microsoft decoding of Word documents isn't guaranteed to work (since only Microsoft knows what the real format is), and recent laws in the USA such as the DMCA (Digital Millenium Copyright Act) have made illegal the decoding of, or the attempt to decode, or the posession of programs that might be used to decode, some kinds of proprietary document formats. Unlicensed programs that attempt to decode your secret document format without paying the license fee may, at some point, become illegal. Some of the electronic world, led by Microsoft, is moving to employ patented and proprietary "digital rights management" (DRM) software that will limit our ability to communicate freely with one another. Microsoft already owns the document format you are using; upcoming versions of this proprietary format will be encrypted in such a way that I cannot read it at all without buying Microsoft software. Money sent to purchase Word goes into upcoming features such as "trusted computing" that will eventually deny you the ability to read or publish unless you pay Microsoft to do so, and unless your readers pay *every time* for the rights to read your documents: http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/can-you-trust.html This is the precursor to a very non-free world where we can only read documents if we pay royalty fees every time we open the document. The right to read in a New World Order (a cautionary tale): http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/right-to-read.html Document Too Big! ----------------- You have sent me an entire (huge) word processor document, as if you expected me to want to edit your document to change the font or line spacing or paragraph style. I don't. I just want to read what you said. I don't need a huge word processor document just to read your words. Typically the text inside your huge Word file is only 10% of the document. If you cut-and-paste just the text, it is one-tenth of the size. Please send me a smaller document format that just expresses what you said. I don't need to edit it; I just want to read it. Does not play well with others ------------------------------ In both the USA and Europe, Microsoft has been convicted of illegal, anti-competitive, and monopolistic business practices designed to suppress competition and limit the choices we have to communicate with one another. The world is not a better place if we distribute documents in this proprietary format that supports serious corporate misbehaviour. Public Standard Document Formats -------------------------------- Many open and public document formats are not the proprietary trade secrets of corporations. You can publish documents in these formats and nobody has to buy a license to read them. These public formats include: Plain Text (what you are reading now) HTML (Hyper-Text Markup Language - web page format) PDF (Portable Document Format, published by Adobe) OASIS Open Document [Office Applications] ( http://www.oasis-open.org/ ) RTF (Rich Text Format, published by Microsoft). Anyone can read documents in these open formats. None of the formats require you to buy a license or expensive software to read or write them. Our future ability to communicate freely depends on keeping our words in public and open standard formats that are not controlled by who can afford to buy the licenses to read them. http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/no-word-attachments.html I don't particularly care what you use to edit and prepare your documents. When you distribute them, please distribute them in a public, open format that everyone can read freely. -Ian! Allen www.idallen.com Appendix I - Microsoft patents its proprietary file formats ----------------------------------------------------------- Microsoft makes moves to disallow others from reading its file formats: http://www.newsforge.com/software/04/02/09/0512207.shtml "In a potentially related move, Microsoft filed for a series of patents related to Microsoft Office file formats. These patents "cover word processing documents stored in the XML (Extensible Markup Language) format. The proposed patent would cover methods for an application other than the original word processor to access data in the document." Naturally, a concern is that these patent applications could lead to interoperability barriers between Microsoft Office and competing suites. Microsoft has recently downplayed this possibility, though, claiming these moves are just standard procedures many businesses employ. Yet, if these tactics are so routine, why did Microsoft opt for these patents in New Zealand and Europe first, and not here in the U.S.? These patents, combined with the existing DRM features of Office 2003, are controversial at best, anticompetitive at worst." http://news.com.com/2100-1013-5146581.html "[...] the patents could create a barrier to competing software, said Rob Helm, an analyst for research firm Directions on Microsoft. "This is a direct challenge to software vendors who want to interoperate with Word through XML," he said. "For example, if Corel wanted to improve WordPerfect's support of Word by adopting its XML format...for import/export, they'd probably have to license this patent." Appendix II - free, standards-based Open Office software -------------------------------------------------------- Our future ability to communicate freely depends on keeping our words in public and open standard formats that are not controlled by who can afford to buy the licenses to read them. Here's word processing software that plays fair (even on Windows): http://openoffice.org/ Mission Statement To create, as a community, the leading international office suite that will run on all major platforms and provide access to all functionality and data through open-component based APIs and an XML-based file format. http://www.groklaw.net/article.php?story=20050130002908154 Quiz: Complete the sentence,"OpenDocument is ..." (a) An open, XML-based file format. (b) An open standard, supported by the OASIS and ISO standards groups. (c)The default file format for OpenOffice.org 2.0 and KOffice 1.4. (d) A top prospect for an official format for the European Commission. (e) Our best chance to fight vendor lock-in associated with proprietary formats. (f) All of the above. The correct answer is (f) All of the above.